Machining tool high requirements at the same time to reduce pollution
Release time:
2024-01-04
About 70% of the premature failure of various mechanical and electrical products is caused by wear and corrosion, and these two failure modes are closely related to the surface state of the material (physical, chemical and stress state, etc.). Therefore, the key to improve the performance of such materials is to improve their surface properties.
Machining has high requirements for cutting tools while reducing pollution.
About 70% of the premature failure of various mechanical and electrical products is caused by wear and corrosion, and these two failure modes are closely related to the surface state of the material (physical, chemical and stress state, etc.). Therefore, the key to improve the performance of such materials is to improve their surface properties.
With the development of science and technology, the requirements for the surface properties of materials are getting higher and higher. In recent decades, with the rise of various vapor deposition technologies, the research and application of surface engineering technology has made rapid development. These technologies not only achieve the requirements of mechanical properties, such as wear resistance, anti-friction and anti-corrosion, but also in the field of electromagnetic, optical, optoelectronics, thermal, superconducting and biological and other functional materials related to the surface layer. Surface engineering not only makes low-cost metal materials play a greater advantage in terms of performance and efficiency, but also has become an important means of developing various new coatings and thin film materials, with great application potential.
With the improvement of the level of machining industry, new requirements are put forward for cutting tools. In addition to improving the service life, it is also required to reduce the pollution during cutting and use dry cutting as much as possible. When the cutting fluid cannot be completely eliminated, try to do it only contains rust inhibitors without organic matter, which can greatly reduce the cost of recycling.
The diversity of cutting tools and the characteristics of the working state during use determine the different coating of the tool. Turning and drilling are different, and milling cutters should consider the characteristics of their intermittent impact. Early development of the coating to wear as the main focus to improve the hardness of the main indicators. Such coatings, represented by titanium nitride, have a high coefficient of friction (0.4~0.6), and constant friction between the workpiece during processing will generate a large amount of heat energy. In order to avoid the tool overheating deformation affect the machining accuracy and prolong its service life, usually use cutting fluid.
To solve the problem of reducing or eliminating the cutting fluid, the tool coating should not only make the tool have a long life, but also have the function of self-lubrication. The appearance of diamond-like carbon coating (DLC) has shown advantages in the machining of some materials (Al, Ti and their composites), but after years of research, it has been shown that the high internal stress, poor thermal stability and the catalyst effect between the diamond-like carbon coating and the ferrous metal make the SP3 structure change to SP2 and other three shortcomings, which determine that it can only be used in the processing of non-ferrous metals, thus limiting its further application in machining. However, recent studies have shown that the hardness of diamond-like coating (also known as graphite-like coating) based on SP2 structure can reach 20 ~ 40GPa, but there is no problem of catalyst effect with ferrous metals. Its friction coefficient is very low and it has good moisture resistance. Coolant can also be used for dry cutting during cutting. Its service life is doubled compared with non-coated knives, and there is no problem in processing steel materials, therefore, it has aroused great interest in coating companies and tool manufacturers. Over time, this new type of diamond-like coating will be widely used in the cutting field.
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